Heat Energy Secondary Education Storyboard | Illustration portfolio by David Ubon

Femi wanted a new cutlass to clear his farm. So, he visited the local blacksmith to discuss the possibility of getting one made for him.

Upon arriving at the blacksmith’s workshop, he met the blacksmith hammering a red hot metal rod. And when he was done hammering, he quickly transferred the red hot metal rod into a large bucket of cold water.

After some time when the blacksmith brought it out of the water, it wasn’t red hot any more. But Femi could tell it had increased the temperature of the water, as he could see vapour escaping from the surface of the water . He said in his mind:It seems the hotness of the metal rod had been transferred to the water.

Well, as a matter of fact, that was expertly what happened. It was a process of heat transfer, and that is what we will be looking at in this lesson. It should be noted that before the metal rod could become red hot, it had to be heated in a blacksmith’s forge, where it absorbed enough heat to make it red hot.

And when it was transferred into the cold bucket of water, it actually transferred some of this heat to the cold water. This is because heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from one object to another.

The camera starts with the blacksmith heating the iron rod in the forge A magnified section of the metal in the forge pops up and background blurs out.

This is why the blacksmith had to use a tong to carry and hold the metal. This means that heat can also flow from one end of an object to the other.

Now, this transfer of heat from one object to another or the flow of heat from one end of an object to another end is called heat transfer. We can define heat transfer as the process of transferring heat from one point to another in a body or between bodies.

Did you notice in both scenarios, there had to be a temperature difference for heat to be transferred? Let me show you what I mean.

Before transferring the heated metal rod into the water, you can tell that the temperature of the heated metal must be higher than that of the water in the bucket.

Similarly, when you look at the metal rod, you can tell that the red hot end is at a higher temperature from the end held with the tong.

If the heating continues, the entire metal rod will eventually get red hot. This means that heat is moving through the metal rod from a place of higher temperature to a place with lower temperature.

With this, we can see that heat only flows from a region or body at a higher temperature to a region or body at a lower temperature.

Now, let’s assume instead of removing the red hot metal rod from the bucket of water, the blacksmith decided to leave it inside the bucket. What do you think will happen?

Well, allow me to help you figure it out. The red hot metal rod will continue to transfer heat to the water in the bucket while the water in the bucket will continue to absorb the heat

In other words, the temperature of the metal rod will keep decreasing while that of the water in the bucket will keep increasing. This will continue until a point is reached where the temperature of the metal and that of the water will be the same. This point reached is the point of thermal equilibrium between the metal rod and the water. At this point, heat will no longer be transferred between the two bodies.

This again shows that heat will not be transferred between two bodies when they are at the same temperature.

There are basically three means through which heat can be transferred, they are; conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction is a means of heat transfer mostly associated with solid objects. A typical example of conduction is how the solid rod was heated to a red hot temperature. However, conduction is also associated with liquids, especially if the heat transfer occurs between a solid and a liquid, just as in the case of the rod transferring heat to the water. It should also be noted tha

Convection is the method of heat transfer through liquids and gases, while radiation is the method of heat transfer through space or vacuum. Radiation can also occur through a transparent medium of either solid or a liquid.

So, hope you had fun learning about heat transfer in this lesson. Well, we have come to the end of our lesson and I hope to see you in the next lesson.

This Project involved creating a highly detailed storyboard that would be animated and used to educate secondary school students in Nigeria. This particular lesson is about Heat Transfer. I was given the script and I came up with the concepts, Sketched out the scenes, and rendered them in Adobe Illustrator.

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Published:October 3, 2021